Leg Cramps During Pregnancy – Causes and Precautions

Leg cramps during pregnancy are associated with sharp pain in the muscles of the calf, thigh or foot. The pain often increases as the pregnancy progresses. Particularly during the last few months of pregnancy, there can a shooting pain during the night.

There is no definite reason that could define the cause of such pain, however, there are certain possibilities that could be held responsible. It is believed that such cramps occur due to the extra weight that has to be carried. In addition, this pain might also be attributed to the pressure of the expanding uterus on the blood vessels and nerves that carry blood to and from the legs.

Some of the most probable reasons behind leg cramps during pregnancy are:

- Increased chance of muscle fatigue during pregnancy
- Changes in circulation during pregnancy
- Weight of the uterus pressing on the nerves and blood vessels
- Inherited tendency for cramps
- Insufficient salt in the diet
- Mineral deficiencies, such as potassium, calcium and magnesium
- Consumption of food with high levels of phosphorus content. This might interfere with the calcium content absorption. (Foods with a high phosphorus content: meat, poultry, fish and seafood, wild game, eggs, dried beans and peas, milk and dairy products, nuts and seeds, chocolate, whole grain products)

Tips to prevent leg cramps during pregnancy:

- Avoid standing or sitting with the legs crossed for a long period of time.
- With physician’s approval, go for a short walk everyday
- Stretch the calf muscles regularly during the daytime and just before going to sleep
- Lie on the left side while sleeping as this will improve the circulation in legs
- Drink plenty of water to keep hydrated
- Try to rotate the ankles and move the toes while sitting for work or meals
- Have a warm bath in order to relax the muscles
- In some cases, magnesium supplements can be taken along with prenatal vitamins, however, it is important to consult a physician before taking any supplements.